План анализа.
message
main idea
system of images (система образов)
complications (plot) завязка,кульминация...
settings (где и когда)
narrative (повествовательный метод - кто рассказывает)
conclusion
means of characterisation через что характеризуются герои
Порядок может быть любой,не тот который я написала

Мой разбор

Ernest Hemingway (1899-1961), born in Oak Park, Illinois, started his career as a writer in a newspaper office in Kansas City at the age of seventeen. After the United States entered the First World War, he joined a volunteer ambulance unit in the Italian army. Serving at the front, he was wounded, was decorated by the Italian Government, and spent considerable time in hospitals. After his return to the United States, he became a reporter for Canadian and American newspapers and was soon sent back to Europe to cover such events as the Greek Revolution.

During the twenties, Hemingway became a member of the group of expatriate Americans in Paris, which he described in his first important work, The Sun Also Rises (1926). Equally successful was A Farewell to Arms (1929), the study of an American ambulance officer's disillusionment in the war and his role as a deserter. Hemingway used his experiences as a reporter during the civil war in Spain as the background for his most ambitious novel, For Whom the Bell Tolls (1940). Among his later works, the most outstanding is the short novel, The Old Man and the Sea (1952), the story of an old fisherman's journey, his long and lonely struggle with a fish and the sea, and his victory in defeat.

Glossary
Deaf – unable to hear, either completely or partly Brass
Saucer – a small curved plate which you put a cup on Stem
Niece - a daughter of your brother or sister, or a daughter of your husband's or wife's brother or sister
Hombre - a slang word for man
Shutters - a metal covering which protects the windows and entrance of a shop from thieves when it is closed
Reluctant - not willing to do something and therefore slow to do it
Bodegas - a bar or wine shop, especially in a Spanish-speaking country
Dignity - calm, serious and controlled behavior that makes people respect you
Nada = nothing
Copita - 1) a tulip-shaped sherry glass 2) a glass of sherry



A Clean Well-Lighted Place
A Clean, Well-Lighted Place is a short story by Ernest Hemingway, first published in 1926. It was later included in his 1933 collection, Winner Take Nothing.

The story is taking place in Spain late in evening in a little comfortable café. There are three people in the room: two waiters and an old man. Through the conversation of two waiters we learn that old and rich man comes to the café every evening in order to drink brandy and he tried to commit suicide last week but his niece stopped him. The younger waiter doesn't understand why the old man has attempted to kill himself «He has plenty of money». He is impatient to go home to his wife and tells the deaf old man he wishes the suicide attempt had been successful. When the old man orders for another brandy he refuse to give him and said their café was closing. Then the older waiter explains him that he doesn’t want to close café every evening because unlike other bodegases it is clean and well-lighted there. After that the waiters are going home and the older man thinks about the human existence and that people need nothing but a clean lighted place.

In Ernest Hemingway’s stories we usually get information about the characters through the dialogs, little details and this story is not an exception. The pivot [стержень] of the plot is the old man. The two waiters talk about him and in their dialogs, in their attitude to the man we learn about their characters and life philosophy. The author told us that one waiter is old than the other. However, even if he hadn’t mentioned it, we could guess basing on their behavior. Young waiter doesn't understand the old man. He wants to go home to his bed where his wife is waiting for him. He could seem selfish to us from some point of view but he doesn’t. In contrast to the other two man he has home, a place to return, a place where someone is waiting for him "He's lonely. I'm not lonely. I have a wife waiting in bed for me.". He is irritated that the man doesn't leave the café so that he even told him such a rude words about his feeble suicide attempt. The second waiter seems more experienced, calm, steady. We can also see that he is quite observant. We can make this conclusion when he notices that actually the old man is not nasty but clean and accurate even drunk. He tried to explain to a young waiter why the old man is coming so I think he understands him in some way.

Great roles in the story play symbols. We find the main in the title and the exposition of the plot – the darkness of evening against the electric light of the café where the 2 waiters sit. On the contrast to the waiters the old man is sitting in the shadow of the tree made against the electric light. Darkness of the night and shadow symbolizes fear and loneliness. The light symbolizes comfort and the company of others.

The main idea of the plot is hidden in the title «A Clean, Well-Lighted Place». It sounds like a purpose. People are lonely in the colorless existence of life. An old man, for example, has money but it doesn’t bring him happiness. So, people try to find their own place of comfort, happiness. And all people in the story have different idea of it.